Hypothesis Testing in Medical Research

Learn how to formulate and test hypotheses using real women's health data. We'll use Python's scipy library to perform statistical tests.

Exercise: T-Test for Pain Levels

A group of 20 women reported their pain levels before and after a treatment. We want to test if there's a significant difference.

  1. Import scipy.stats
  2. Create two lists: before_treatment and after_treatment with the given data
  3. Perform a paired t-test
  4. Print the p-value

Hint: Use stats.ttest_rel() for paired samples

from scipy import stats

# Pain levels before treatment
before_treatment = [7, 6, 8, 5, 7, 6, 8, 7, 6, 5,
                   8, 7, 6, 7, 8, 6, 5, 7, 8, 6]

# Pain levels after treatment
after_treatment = [5, 4, 6, 3, 5, 4, 6, 5, 4, 3,
                  6, 5, 4, 5, 6, 4, 3, 5, 6, 4]

# Perform the test
result = stats.ttest_rel(before_treatment, after_treatment)

# Print the p-value
print(f"P-value: {result.pvalue:.4f}")
# Output will appear here